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Time/Time Zone/Calendar Index

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A Walk Through Time - A history of timekeeping, from the days when celestial bodies acted as our clocks, through sundials, mechanical and quartz timepieces, right up to the establishment of time zones.
Astronomical Applications Department of the U.S. Naval Observatory - Products include almanacs, software, and web services that provide precise astronomical data for practical applications, serving the defense, scientific, commercial, and civilian communities. For instance:
- Celestial Navigation
  - Celestial Navigation Data - Provides computed altitudes and azimuths and other data for an assumed position and time.
  - Navigational Star Chart
- Dates
- Eclipses and Transits
  - Eclipses of the Sun and Moon
  - Lunar Eclipse Computer - Computes circumstances for selected lunar eclipses at any given location.
  - Recent and Upcoming Transits of Mercury and Venus
  - Solar Eclipse Computer - Computes circumstances for selected solar eclipses at any given location.
  - Transit Computer - Computes circumstances for selected transits of Mercury and Venus at any given location.
- Miscellaneous
  - Astronomical Almanac Online - Provides complementary data to the printed Astronomical Almanac.
  - International Celestial Reference System (ICRS) Narrative
  - Occultations of Stars by Asteroids
- Phases of the Moon
- Positions of Selected Celestial Objects
  - Altitude and Azimuth of the Sun or Moon During One Day
  - Geocentric Positions of Major Solar System Objects and Bright Stars - Provides high precision geocentric position data for the Sun, Moon, major planets and selected bright stars.
  - Topocentric Configuration of Major Solar System Bodies - Provides tables of low precision topocentric position data for the Sun, Moon, and major planets.
- Publications - stronomical and navigational almanacs, special publications, research reports.
- Rise/Set/Transit/Twilight Data
- Synthetic Views of the Earth and Solar System Bodies
  - Apparent Disk of Solar System Object - Creates a synthetic image of the telescopic appearance of the Moon or other solar system object for specified date and time.
  - Day and Night Across the Earth - Creates synthetic views of the Earth's surface (in grayscale or color) for any date and time.
British Horological Institute (BHI) - The BHI was founded in the Clerkenwell district of London in 1858. A group of watchmakers joined together in an attempt to combat the large quantity of clocks and watches flooding into the country from abroad, and to raise the standards of British horology. The Institute grew rapidly and within a year it found permanent premises and started both a library and museum. it soon organised evening classes in watchmaking and clockmaking and set the first examinations in technical horology.
Calculate Duration Between Two Dates in Days, Months, Years - This service calculates the duration, counting the day count and the number of days, months and years between two dates. Among other things, it can be used find how many days old you are and the weekday you were born. Also see the advanced duration calculator which supports time as well.
Calculate Time Between Two Dates - This service calculates the duration, counting the number of years, months, days, hours, minutes and seconds between two moments in time. If you only need the day count, without hours/minutes/seconds fields, please see the Date duration calculator instead.
Calendar (U.S.) - Print your own perpetual calendar for any year, month or period of months. Also includes holidays for any particular year.
Calendar Converter - This page allows you to interconvert dates in a variety of calendars, both civil and computer-related. Also see Wikipedia's article Old Style and New Style Dates.
Compete Sun and Moon Data for One Day - Times of sunrise, sunset, moonrise, moonset, transits of the Sun and Moon, and the beginning and end of civil twilight, along with information on the Moon's phase.
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) - Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), also referred to as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), Universal Time (UT), or "Zulu" is an international time scale used in astronomical and aviation publications, weather products, and other documents. UTC uses 24-hour (military) time notation and is based on the local standard time on the 0° longitude meridian which runs through Greenwich, England. Midnight in Greenwich corresponds to 00:00 UTC, noon corresponds to 12:00 UTC, and so on.
Coordinated Universal Time (Wikipedia) - Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is a high-precision atomic time standard. UTC has uniform seconds defined by International Atomic Time (IAT), with leap seconds announced at irregular intervals to compensate for the earth's slowing rotation, and other discrepancies. The leap seconds allow UTC to closely track Universal Time (UT), which is a time standard based on the earth's angular rotation, rather than a uniform passage of seconds. Time zones around the world are expressed as positive or negative offsets from UTC. In this role, UTC is also referred to as Zulu time (Z).
Coordinated Universal Time: Converting Between UTC and AM/PM Time - Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) can be considered equivalent to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) (when fractions of a second are not important). UTC is the system used to indicate time in meteorology and is recommended for all general timekeeping applications. Time on most weather maps is given given in Coordinated Universal Time.
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC): Definition - Time scale, based on the second (SI), as defined and recommended by the CCIR, and maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). For most practical purposes associated with the Radio Regulations, UTC is equivalent to mean solar time at the prime meridian (0° longitude), formerly expressed in GMT. [NTIA] [RR] Note 1: The maintenance by BIPM includes cooperation among various national laboratories around the world. Note 2: The full definition of UTC is contained in CCIR Recommendation 460-4. (188) Note 3 : The second was formerly defined in terms of astronomical phenomena. When this practice was abandoned in order to take advantage of atomic resonance phenomena ("atomic time") to define the second more precisely, it became necessary to make occasional adjustments in the "atomic" time scale to coordinate it with the workaday mean solar time scale, UT-1, which is based on the somewhat irregular rotation of the Earth. Rotational irregularities usually result in a net decrease in the Earth's average rotational velocity, and ensuing lags of UT-1 with respect to UTC. Note 4: Adjustments to the atomic, i.e., UTC, time scale consist of an occasional addition or deletion of one full second, which is called a leap second. Twice yearly, during the last minute of the day of June 30 and December 31, Universal Time, adjustments may be made to ensure that the accumulated difference between UTC and UT-1 will not exceed 0.9 s before the next scheduled adjustment. Historically, adjustments, when necessary, have usually consisted of adding an extra second to the UTC time scale in order to allow the rotation of the Earth to "catch up." Therefore, the last minute of the UTC time scale, on the day when an adjustment is made, will have 59 or 61 seconds. Synonyms World Time, Z Time, Zulu Time.
Dates and Times of Seasons 1995-2020
Daylight Time - Starting in 2007, daylight time begins in the United States on the second Sunday in March and ends on the first Sunday in November. On the second Sunday in March, clocks are set ahead one hour at 2:00 a.m. local standard time, which becomes 3:00 a.m. local daylight time. On the first Sunday in November, clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local daylight time, which becomes 1:00 a.m. local standard time. These dates were established by Congress in the Energy Policy Act of 2005, Pub. L. no. 109-58, 119 Stat 594 (2005).
From Hourglasses to Watches: The History of Timekeeping - Learn about sundials, hourglasses, clocks, watches, world time, the International Date Line, and more.
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) - World Time Since 1884 - Complete guide to time and time zones; summer time and daylight-saving time world-wide.
How to Tell Military Time - eHow.com "How-To" by M. Kare.
Local Times Around the World - This guide attempts to list all of the world's countries, and many of its islands, with a pointer to the local time in the region. Times quoted as UTC offsets do not consider Daylight Savings Time.
Military Time - Military time is an unambiguous, concise method of expressing time used by the military, emergency services (law enforcement, firefighting, paramedics), hospitals, and other entities. This site provides a detailed description of the difference between regular and military time, how military time is written, and several time conversion examples.
Naval Clock - U.S. Naval Observatory Master Clock time.
NIST: Time and Frequency Division - Maintains the standard for frequency and time interval for the United States, provides official time to the United States, and carries out a broad program of research and service activities in time and frequency metrology.
Official U.S. Time - This public service is cooperatively provided by the two time agencies of U.S.: a Department of Commerce agency, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and its military counterpart, the U. S. Naval Observatory (USNO). Readings from the clocks of these agencies contribute to world time, called Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The time maintained by both agencies should never differ by more than 0.000 0001 seconds from UTC.
Old Style and New Style Dates - Old Style (or OS) and New Style (or NS) is used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January (NS) even though contemporary documents use a different start of year (OS); or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar (OS), formerly in use in many countries, rather than the Gregorian calendar (NS). Also see Calendar Converter.
Perpetual Calendar Index (1801 - 2100)
Time Zone - A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. Most time zones are exactly one hour apart, and by convention compute their local time as an offest from Greenwich Mean Time (see also UTC). Wikipedia article.
Time Zone Converter - Find the time anywhere in the world.
Time.is - Check the accuracy of your clock. Find out what the exact time is right now at any of 7 million locations around the world. Compare time at different locations. Also find calendar, sunrise and sunset times, time zone locations, longitudes and latitudes, holidays and observances, and more.
TimeandDate.com - Local times around the world. The World Clock shows current time in all parts of the world. The Time Zone Converter calculates local time, based on a date and time in another location. Or it can be used to calculate between any other two locations. It handles past, current, and future dates and locations in 200 countries. The Sunrise and Sunset calculator shows local time, adjusted for daylight saving time for when the sun is rising or setting. The Distance Calculator calculates distance between any two cities available in the World Clock. Find lists of when DST (Daylight Saving Time) started and stopped in countries around the world in past years.
U.S. Naval Observatory, Time Service Department - The official source of time for the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Global Positioning System (GPS), and a standard of time for the United States. The USNO is the preeminent authority in the areas of Precise Time and Astrometry, and distributes Earth Orientation parameters and other Astronomical Data required for accurate navigation and fundamental astronomy.
Universal Time (U.S. Naval Observatory) - The times of various events, particularly astronomical and weather phenomena, are often given in "Universal Time" (abbreviated UT) which is sometimes referred to, now colloquially, as "Greenwich Mean Time" (abbreviated GMT). The two terms are often used loosely to refer to time kept on the Greenwich meridian (longitude zero), five hours ahead of Eastern Standard Time. Times given in UT are almost always given in terms of a 24-hour clock. Thus, 14:42 (often written simply 1442) is 2:42 p.m., and 21:17 (2117) is 9:17 p.m. Sometimes a Z is appended to a time to indicate UT, as in 0935Z.
UT (Universal Time) Conversion Chart - UT is used as a basis for calculating time throughout most of the world. UT is also called Greenwich Time, Greenwich Mean Time, Zulu Time. It is the time along the prime meridian (0 longitude) that runs through the Greenwich Observatory outside of London, UK, where the current system originated. UT is tied to the rotation of the Earth in respect to the fictitious "mean Sun," which gives equal 24-hour days throughout the year. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) was measured from Greenwich Mean at midday until 1925, when the reference point was changed from noon to midnight and the name changed to "Universal Time." UT, GMT and UTC can be used interchangeably. UT conversion is fairly easy. Just add a specified number of hours to UT time to determine your time. All you need to know is your time zone and if / when your state or country enforces Daylight Saving Time. If it does, you add an additional hour to Universal Time during that time of the year.
USNO Master Clock Time - The official source of time for the U.S. Department of Defense and the standard of time for the U.S. Also see: What Time Is It? [USNO Time in Standard Time Zones].
What is UTC? - Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the international time standard. It is the current term for what was commonly referred to as Greenwich Meridian Time (GMT). Zero (0) hours UTC is midnight in Greenwich England, which lies on the zero longitudinal meridian. Universal time is based on a 24 hour clock, therefore, afternoon hours such as 4 pm UTC are expressed as 16:00 UTC (sixteen hours, zero minutes).
World Clock – Time Zones - Readily tell local time anywhere in the world.
World Time Scales and Time Zones - In the latter part of the nineteenth century, a variety of meridians were used for longitudinal reference by various countries. For a number of reasons, the Greenwich meridian was the most popular of these. At least one factor in this popularity was the reputation for reliability and correctness of the Greenwich Observatory's publications of navigational data. It became clear that shipping would benefit substantially from the establishment of a single "prime" meridian, and the subject was finally resolved in 1884 at a conference held in Washington, where the meridian passing through Greenwich was adopted as the initial or prime meridian for longitude and timekeeping. Given a 24 hour day and 360 degrees of longitude around the earth, it is obvious that the world's 24 time zones have to be 15 degrees wide, on average. The individual zone boundaries are not straight, however, because they have been adjusted for the convenience and desires of local populations.
World Time Server - Correct, current, local times. Get correct world time with accurate daylight saving clock adjustments for every zone. Use converter for future events and even check current international weather conditions.
World Time Zone Map - U.S. Naval Observatory.
WORLDTIME - Interactive world atlas, information on local time as well as sunrise and sunset times in several hundred cities, and a database of public holidays worldwide.
Worldtimeserver.com - Provides correct and current time in any world time zone, country or major city. Accurate adjustments for Daylight Saving Time (or Summer Time) are made according to each location's rules and laws. Tools, clocks, time converter (UTC/GMT).

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This webpage last updated on Thursday, March 29, 2012 1:38 PM